| Guangdong-- Survey |
| Thursday,April 26,2007 Posted: 10:46 BJT(0246 GMT) MOFCOM |
I . Survey (i) Geographic Location Located in the s o uth of Ch in a’s mainland, Guangdong is surrounded by Fujian on the east, Jiangxi and Hunan on the north, Guangxi on the west, Hainan off the southwest. Adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao, Guangdong is in the central zone of Southeast China and Southeast Asian Economic Circle. Guangdong covers a land area of 179,800 km2, accounting for 1.85% of China. It has a coastline of 3,368.1 km, 759 islands and a sea area of over 400,000 km2. (ii) Climate Located in the subtropical zone, Guangdong is one of the areas in China with the richest light, heat and water resources. The annual average temperature is 22.3 ℃ , with ample rainfall of 1,300-2,500mm per year. (iii) Population and Ethnic Groups At the end of 2005, the population of the permanent residents in Guangdong was 91.94 million, of which 37.9232 million were peasants. The population density was 511 persons /km2. Guangdong is inhabited by all 56 ethnic groups of China. The Han has a population of more than 81 million, making up 98.5% of the Province’s total. The minority ethnic groups have a population of 1.27 million, five of which have been residing here for centuries, i.e. the Zhuang, Yao, She, Hui and Manchuria. (iv) Natural Resources With ample rainfall and advanced water systems, Guangdong is rich in water resources. The main rivers include the Pearl River water system consisting of the Xijiang, the Dongjiang, the Beijiang and the Delta water system, the Hanjiang River water system, and rivers that directly flow to the sea, i.e. the Rongjiang, the Lianjiang, the Luojiang and the Huangganghe rivers in east Guangdong, and the Moyangjiang, the Jianjiang, the Jiuzhoujiang and the Nanduhe rivers in west Guangdong. At the juncture of the European plate and the Pacific plate, Guangdong is among the provinces that have the richest mineral resources, and is known as“ the home of rare metals and non-ferrous metals”. 116 types of minerals have been discovered in Guangdong, 88 of which with proven reserves. The reserves of kaolin, turf, gangue for refi nery, rough rock for cement, germanium and tellurium all rank first in China. The large-scale oil and natural gas field discovered off shore the Pearl River and in the Beibuwan Bay has a reserve of over 4 billion tons of crude oil and 1 trillion m3 of natural gas, with bright prospect of exploitation. With a long coastline and vast sea areas, Guangdong has rich marine resources. Marine biological resources include flora and fauna, of which there are 406 species of phytoplankton, 416 species of zooplankton, 828 species of benthic biology and 1,297 species of swimming biology. (v) Infrastructure and Transportation With the capital city of Guangzhou as the center, Guangdong has an advanced water, road and air transportation network. With direct shipping and flights with over 1,100 ports in over 130 countries and regions, it is one of the areas with the most complete infrastructure and the most convenient transportation in China. Guangdong is one of the provinces with the most advanced expressways in China. The construction of the Pearl River Delta intercity railway transportation has been in full swing, thus forming the “three-hour life circle” in Guangdong and the“ one-hour life circle” between cities in the Pearl River Delta. Connected with Fujian, Guangxi, Hunan and Hainan by expressways and railways, Guangdong has become the transportation hub of South China. A transportation pattern has taken shape with the major ports of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shantou and Zhanjiang as the hubs and small and medium-sized ports such as Foshan, Dongguan as lateral or replenishing ports. In 2005, the total annual goods handling capacity of its main coastal ports was 608.87 million tons, of which the container handling capacity was 26.45 million TEU. Guangdong boasts 7 airports including one of the air hubs of China, namely the New Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport, and 6 other airports located respectively in Shenzhen, Shantou, Zhuhai, Foshan, Zhanjiang and Meizhou, making it the area with the most densely distributed airports. The relocation of Baiyun Airport is one of the key projects of the“ Tenth- Five Year Plan” of the country and China Civil Aviation Administration. It is an infrastructure with the largest investment in China’s civil aviation history. It is also the first airport in China which has been designed and built on the concept of a hub airport. In the past 20-odd years since the reforms and opening up, the development of Guangdong’s financial sector has been eye-catching, whose major aggregate indicators ranking fi rst in China’s mainland. Guangdong is one of the earliest regions to open the financial sector to the world. Therefore, it enjoys a high degree of opening-up, abundant talents, flexible and convenient services, plentiful nong o v e r n m e n t a l c a p i t a l a n d f a v o r a b l e supply-demand basis to develop capital market. At present, the numbers of variousf i n a n c i a l i n s t i t u t i o n s a n d f i n a n c i a l employees, the financing aggregate of the securities markets and the total number of securities institutions in Guangdong all rank first in China’s mainland. By the end of 2005, there were 54 operating institutions of foreign-funded banks from 18 countries and regions in Guangdong. A pluralist financial system has taken shape with state-owned commercial banks as the mainstay and including policy banks, other commercial banks, non-bank fi nancial institutions, and foreign-funded financial institutions. Major Banking Institutions  Telecommunications On February 18th, 2006, telephone users of Guangdong exceeded 100 million to 100.006 million. Since then, the figure has kept increasing at a daily rate of over 40,000 users. At present Guangdong has built a communications network at the world’s advanced level, with extensive a p p l i c a t i o n o f o p t i c a l f i b e r a n d I P communications technologies. The capacity of long-distance switches is over 2.08 million lines, that of soft switches over 127 million gates, and the optical cable resources are 7.2 million core km. The Internet The development of the Internet broadband access technology and operation has accelerated the substitution of dial access users by broadband access users. In 2005, the number of Internet dial access users decreased by 15.563 million, while that of broadband access users increased by 12.629 million, reaching 37.504 million nationwide. (vi) Foreign Exchanges  China High-Tech Fair Approved by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China, C h i n a H i g h - T e c h F a i r （C H T F for short）is a state-level, grand international fair, jointly hosted by the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Information Industry, t h e N a t i o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t a n d Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Chinese Academy o f S c i e n c e s a n d t h e S h e n z h e n Municipal People’s Government, and cohosted by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Chinese Academy of Engineering. It is held annually in autumn in Shenzhen. The CHTF consists of four primary activities: the commercialization of technological innovations, specialized shows, the China Hi-tech Forum and year-round business matching services. The first session of CHTF was held in October 1999. The general objectives of the CHTF are: serving as a platform, providing support and service for the development of hitech industries; exploring the one-stop scitech innovation model of“ hi-tech fair— technology property rights transfer –growth enterprises markets”; forming new-style capital market with technology property rights transfer and innovative investment as the core; constructing the commercialization system of technological innovations in line with China’s conditions and with Chinese characteristics; and promoting the import and export of hi-tech and its products. China Export Commodities Fair Also called the Canton Fair, China Export Commodities Fair was established in spring 1957. Held in spring and autumn each year in Guangzhou, the Canton Fair has a history of more than 4 decades. It is a comprehensive international fair, which has the longest history, is of the highest level and the largest scale, provides the most diverse commodities, attracts the most buyers and achieves the best transaction results in China. The 97th and 98th sessions w e r e h e l d i n 2 0 0 5 . T h e 9 7 t h sessions registered a total trade volume of 29.23 billion US dollars, and the 98th session 29.43 billion US dollars. The two sessions add up to 58.66 billion US dollars. The Canton Fair has also made good use of“ the Internet Canton Fair”,“ On-line Canton Fair” and“ On-line Machinery and Electronics Canton Fair” to conduct e-commerce. With mushroomed new columns and enhanced information services, innovation of transaction model has been realized and has achieved remarkable effects, thus promoting transactions of the Canton Fair. The total number of visits to the websites of the Canton Fair exceeds 200 million persontimes, of which the number of overseas visits accounts for 26.2%. According to incomplete statistics, during the two sessions of the 2005 Canton Fair, the total trade volume of intent transactions of“ the Internet Canton Fair” reached 720 million US dollars. China Dongguan International Computer Communication & Consumer Electronics Products Exposition China Dongguan International Computer Communication & Consumer Electronics Products Exposition was held every year at Dongguan International Exhibition Center. Professional audience from nearly 30 countries and regions such as the US, France, the UK, Germany, Australia, Canada, Turkey,Spain, India, Pakistan, Singapore, Thailand, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, as well as from Guangdong and other provinces visited the exposition. The exposition orients itself as a state-level international exposition. Operating in a specialized, market-oriented and international mode, it is devoted to constructing and perfecting platforms for exhibition, information, trade and cooperation for international computer industry. It is a feast which integrates products exhibition, order of goods, academic seminars, investment negotiations and technological cooperation. (vii) Higher Education and Sci-Tech Research Guangdong boasts an educational system characterized by optimal structure and complete facilities, continuously providing high quality talents for the social and economic development. Guangdong has more than 100 institutions of higher learning, including universities that are renowned at home and abroad, such as Sun Yat- Sen University, South China University of Technology and Jinan University. In 2005, there were 874,700 students in institutions of higher learning in Guangdong. By the end of 2005, there were 362 state-owned institutions at the county or above level in Guangdong that were i n d e p e n d e n t l y e n g a g e d i n r e s e a r c h a n d d e v e l o p m e n t , and sci-tech information and documents. Guangdong has established 227 provinciall e v e l e n g i n e e r i n g r e s e a r c h (technology) centers, and has 7,316 non-governmental sci-tech enterprises, employing 870,000 people. (viii) Tourism Guangdong now has jurisdiction over 21 prefecture-level cities, 33 countylevel cities, 43 counties and 3 autonomous counties. Nearly 30 cities and counties are open to the outside world. Guangdong covers an area of over 180,000 km2, with Guangzhou as the capital. With the Tropic of Cancer running through the center, Guangdong has sub-tropical maritime monsoon climate, characterized by long summer and warm winter, and evergreen seasons. It is suitable for tourism all the year round. Guangdong has wide areas of hills and mountains, with narrow plains along the river valleys and sea coast. The Nanling Mountains lie across the northern border, so Guangdong is high in the north and low in the south. The four famous mountains of Guangdong are Danxia Mountains in Renhua County, Xiqiao Mountains in Nanhai County, Luofu Mountains in Boluo County and Dinghu Mountains in Zhaoqing City. The Lingyang Gorge on the Xijiang River (near Zhaoqing), the Feilai Gorge on the Beijiang River (Qingyuan County) and the Zhaoqing Seven Star Crags, which has been praised to have“ Guilin’s mountains and West Lake’s water”, are all famous scenic spots. The Seven Star Crags Scenic Spot, located in the central north of Duanzhou District of Zhaoqing City, faces the city proper in the south and reclines on the Beiling Mountains in the north. It covers an area of about 10 km2, 6.5 km2 of which is lake water. It is among the first key scenic spots at the state level . Integrating“ Guilin’s mountains and West Lake’s water”, it is known for its“ steep peaks, grotesque stones, exotic caves and ancient temples”, offering over 80 sights. Dinghu Mountains Scenic Spot is a state-level key scenic spot. Located in Dinghu District, it is about 18km from the city proper of Zhaoqing and 90km from Guangzhou. Wanluhu Lake, located in the west of Heyuan City and 9km from the city proper, is the largest manmade lake and fresh water lake in Southeast China. Wanluhu covers a rain-collecting area of 5,734km2 and a lake water area of 363.8km2. With more than 360 green islands interspersed on the lake, Wanluhu is known as“ Heavenly Lake in South China”. Wanluhu Scenic Spot is centered around Guishan Mountains, the national forest park. The main sights are scattered on the northwestern slopes of the Mountains, covering an area of about 800 hectares. These sights include S h i b a l i h u a x i ( 1 8 - l i F l o w e r R i v e r ) , Diepuqujing (Waterfalls along the Winding Paths),Dujjuanyingri (Azalea under the S u n ) , S h u i y u e w a n (Wa t e r a n d Mo o n Bay), Sanlichangxia (3-li Long Gorge), Jinghualing (Jinghua Mountain), Dayelinhai (Broad-leafed Forest). Special Local Product Produces of Guangdong include black tea, the four famous fruits of“ banana, sugarcane, lychee and pineapple”, Canton embroidery, ivory carving, Duanzhou ink slab and pottery and porcelain. |
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